Output Devices

Definition

Output devices are peripherals that receive data from a computer and present it in a human-readable form. The output can be in various formats, such as audio, video, or printed material. They play a crucial role in converting processed computer data into a format that users can understand.

How Output Devices Work

Output devices operate by receiving signals from the computer after processing input data. For instance:

• When you type “Hi Geeks” using a keyboard (an input device), the computer processes the signal.
• The monitor (an output device) then receives the signal to display “Hi Geeks” on the screen.
• A printer can also reproduce the text on paper if connected.

Different Types of Output Devices

1. Monitor

   • The primary output device for displaying processed data, including text, images, videos, and audio.

   • Types of Monitors:

     • Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT): Uses a cathode ray tube to generate images by striking phosphorescent dots with electron beams.
       • Components: Electron gun, fluorescent screen, glass envelope, deflection plate assembly, base.
     • Flat Panel Monitors: More compact and lightweight than CRTs, used in laptops, desktops, and televisions.
     • Plasma Monitors: Utilize plasma display technology with cells of noble gases that produce UV light to create images. They offer high resolution and good contrast.

   • Characteristics of Monitors:

     • Resolution: Defined by the number of pixels, influencing image clarity.
     • Size: Measured diagonally, typically ranging from 14 to 25 inches for desktops.
     • Refresh Rate: The frequency at which the display image is refreshed, affecting motion clarity.

2. Printer

   • Produces hard copies of digital documents and images. Types include:
     • Inkjet Printers: Use liquid ink to create images by spraying tiny droplets onto paper.
     • Laser Printers: Use a laser beam to produce high-quality text and graphics by fusing toner onto paper.

3. Speakers

   • Output audio signals from the computer. They convert digital audio data into sound, allowing users to hear music, alerts, or voice.

4. Projector

   • Projects images and videos onto larger screens, making it suitable for presentations and movies.

5. Headphones

   • Personal audio output devices that allow users to listen to sound without disturbing others.

6. Plotter

   • A specialized printer used for producing high-quality graphics and engineering drawings, typically used in CAD applications.