National & International Awards: Key Indian Civilian, Gallantry & Global Honors Explained
National and International Awards & Awardees
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🌟 What Are Awards & Recognition?
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Awards acknowledge individuals for exceptional achievements and contributions in various fields.
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They boost motivation by recognizing performance through intrinsic rewards (respect, pride) and extrinsic rewards (medals, certificates).
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In India, awards honor those impacting society, culture, science, military, sports, and arts.
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These awards are important topics in government competitive exams.
🏆 Important Categories of Awards
| Category | Examples | Awarding Body |
|---|---|---|
| National Awards | Bharat Ratna, Padma Awards, Gallantry Awards, Sports Awards, Film & Literary Awards | Government of India |
| International Awards | Nobel Prize, Oscar Awards, Booker Prize, Grammy, Pulitzer | Global Organizations |
🇮🇳 National Awards in India: Overview
1. Civilian Awards
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Highest civilian honors, recognizing distinguished service in any field.
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Examples:
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Bharat Ratna (Highest civilian award)
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Padma Vibhushan
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Padma Bhushan
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Padma Shri
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Details:
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Introduced: 1954
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Given by: President of India on Republic Day
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Selection: Recommended by Prime Minister, approved by President
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No cash prize is given with Bharat Ratna
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Notable Awardees:
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Bharat Ratna recipients include Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Mother Teresa, Sachin Tendulkar, Satyajit Ray, and C.N.R. Rao.
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2. Gallantry Awards
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Awarded for acts of bravery in military and civilian life.
| Award Name | Type | Year Introduced |
|---|---|---|
| Param Vir Chakra | Wartime (highest) | 1950 |
| Maha Vir Chakra | Wartime (2nd highest) | 1950 |
| Vir Chakra | Wartime (3rd highest) | 1950 |
| Ashok Chakra | Peacetime (highest) | 1952 |
| Kirti Chakra | Peacetime (2nd highest) | 1952 |
| Shaurya Chakra | Peacetime (3rd highest) | 1952 |
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Major Somnath Sharma (first Param Vir Chakra recipient), Captain Vikram Batra, and Subedar Major Bana Singh.
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3. Sports Awards
| Award Name | Given For | Year Introduced |
|---|---|---|
| Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna | Outstanding sports achievement | 1991 |
| Arjuna Award | Excellence in sports | 1961 |
| Dronacharya Award | Outstanding coaching | 1985 |
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Sachin Tendulkar, P.V. Sindhu, Mary Kom (Arjuna Award), Pullela Gopichand (Dronacharya Award).
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4. Film Awards
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Dadasaheb Phalke Award:
The highest Indian film honor for lifetime contribution.-
Established: 1969
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Includes: Swarna Kamal (Golden Lotus), cash prize, shawl
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Notable Awardees:
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Raj Kapoor, Satyajit Ray, Asha Parekh, Amitabh Bachchan.
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5. Literary Awards
| Award Name | Given For | Cash Prize | Year Introduced |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Jnanpith Award | Best literary writing | ₹11 Lakhs | 1961 |
| Sahitya Akademi Award | Outstanding literary work | ₹1 Lakh | 1955 |
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R. K. Narayan, Amrita Pritam, Ruskin Bond.
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6. Other Important National Awards
| Award Name | Given To | Year Introduced |
|---|---|---|
| Gandhi Peace Prize | Contribution to social growth | 1995 |
| Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace | Promoting peace & development | 1986 |
| Borlaug Award | Agricultural/environmental research | 1972 |
🌍 Important International Awards
| Award Name | Field |
|---|---|
| Nobel Prize | Peace, science, literature |
| Oscar Awards | Cinema/Film |
| Booker Prize | Literature |
| Grammy Awards | Music |
| Pulitzer Prize | Journalism & literature |
| UN Human Rights Award | Human rights |
| Goldman Environmental Prize | Environment |
Notable International Awardees:
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Albert Einstein, Malala Yousafzai, Barack Obama (Nobel Peace Prize)
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Peter Jackson, Meryl Streep (Oscars)
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Kazuo Ishiguro, Margaret Atwood (Booker Prize)
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🔑 Why Are National Awards Important?
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Provide recognition and motivation for outstanding work.
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Encourage awardees to continue contributing to society.
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Symbolize respect and appreciation from the nation.
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Enhance public awareness about various fields and inspire youth.
